Bias in the estimated association between all-cause mortality and long-term exposure to a specific chemical component of fine particulate matter: The example of black carbon

• Jianyu DengPeking University
• Ning KangPeking University
• Xueqiu NiPeking University
• Hong Sheng LuPeking University
• Meng WangUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New York
• Mingkun TongPeking University
• Pengfei LiPeking University
• Mingjin TangChinese Academy of Sciences
• Tao XuePeking University
• Mei ZhengPeking University
• Tong ZhuPeking University